Case+Study+-+Inner+City+Redevelopment

Inner City Redevelopment- This is when the goverment interveens into the inner city and give the local goverments a settlement of money to improve the inner city area. This results in the formation of an urban development corporation.

A prime example of a development corporation is the Central Manchester Development Corporation.


 * __Central Manchester Development Corporation__**

The CMDC was established in 1988, with this the local authorities and private developers created a partnership between themeselves in a am to redevelop an area of 200 ha of land in the south of Manchesters city centre. On a whole this area was run down and was littered with dacaying buildings which a one time in the past served a purpose such as warehouses, offices, former mills and brownfield sites. Along with unsightly railway viaducts and neglected waterways.

The CMDC has over time refurbished some of the buildings within the southern area of Manchesters city centre for example the Whitworh Street district some of the warehouses found here were converted to create a village like feeling within the community with aound a 1,000 households aswell as pubs, bars, resturants and also shops. Also in this area the canals have been given a new lease on life as the CMDC have cleaned the canals but also they have improved the banks of the canals by adding lighting, seats and also some new looking plants to the canal banks.


 * __London Docklands__**

During the 1980's the LDDC which stands for London Docklands Development Corporation was set up by the goverment, This was because the London docklands had become an area of declince which were built during the 19th century, also the area had the sterotypical charateristics of an inner city with an abundance of terraced hosuing surrounding the docklands were also falling into a state of disrepair. During the 1950's and 1960's the area was like the rest of the inner cities of the time which had many tower blocks been built within the dockland area along with a vast amount of derelict land was a key feature in this area. This area became senonimous with poverty as the main type of employment was only casual labour, this type of work was very competive as men would queue for hours every day even though the work on the docklands was very dangerous.

The London Docklands during the early 80's was an area of huge unemployment for example male unemployment was 24% which was double of the national average, the biggest contributing factor to the rise in unemployment was due to the closure of the docks themselves but also the closure of many factories in the docklands contributed to unemployment, since many of the workers were either unskilled or hasd very little school. During the ten year period between 1961 and 1971 the London docklands lost a total of 106 000 jobs in the manufacturing and transport industry. Then as the docklands began to lose the jobs available three boroughs within the London Docklands began a decline and suffered a loss in population for example Tower Hamlets suffered a population of 26% and Southwark suffered from a population loss of 38%. However these boroughs did benifit from immigration after the dismantling of the empire from many commonwealth states such as India, Pakistan and the Carribean however population decline continued as racial problems became evident within the docklands. Poor housing was a massive issue withbthe London Docklands as 30% of these terraced housing were deemed unsuitable for human accomidation and 80% of the housing was owned by the council. The infastructure of the London Docklands left something to be desired aswell as the vast majority of the roads in the docklands were none suitable for large amounts of traffic as these roads were narrow and winding roads, also the connections for the basic ammeties were also very poor these were things such as the water mains and connection to the national grid. Schools and hospitlas in this area were also extremly poor.

__Methods of redevelopment__

When the LDDC began their plans for redevelopment they wanted to overhaul the London Docklands they wanted to change every aspect of the docklands through physical change, economic change, along with socail change aswell. Since the LDDC had clear plans and ideas of what they wanted to do to the docklands the goverment allowed the LDDC to have complete controll over what happend in the docklnads in the sense of what they wanted to change